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    !------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
    !------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
    !                                                                              |
    !              ||===\\                                                         | 
    !              ||    \\                                                        |
    !              ||     ||   //==\\   ||  ||   //==||  ||/==\\                   |
    !              ||     ||  ||    ||  ||  ||  ||   ||  ||    ||                  |
    !              ||    //   ||    ||  ||  ||  ||   ||  ||                        |
    !              ||===//     \\==//    \\==\\  \\==\\  ||                        |
    !                                                                              |
    !------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
    !------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
    !                                                                              |
    !              PRESSURE_CUT    Nov. 2006    I                                  |
    !                                                                              |
    !------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
    !------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
    
    
    recursive subroutine pressure_cut (params,level,levelmax,icon,x,y,z,mat,       &
                                       materialn,u,v,w,temp,pressure,strain,nnode, &
                                       lsf,nlsf,r0,s0,t0,rst,icut,ileaves,         &
                                       eviscosity)
    
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    !------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
    !(((((((((((((((( Purpose of the routine  ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))
    !------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
    ! this is an intermediary routine between find_pressure and make_pressure
    ! in the same way as make_cut is between build_system and make_matrix
    
    ! level is current level in cut cell algortihm
    ! it varies between 0 and levelmax
    ! icon is connectivity array for the current element
    ! x,y,z are the global coordinate arrays of length nnode
    ! mat is the material matrix for the nmat materials
    ! materialn contains the material number associated to each lsf
    ! u,v,w is the velocity array (obtained from previous time step
    ! or at least containing the proper velocity at the fixed dofs)
    ! temp, pressure and strain are temperature, pressure and strain
    ! nnode is number of nodes
    ! lsf is global array of level set functions defining the surfaces
    ! nlsf is number of lsfs
    ! r0,s0,t0 are the bottom left back corner of the part of the element
    !   we are now integrating (in local r,s,t coordinates)
    ! rst is the size of the part of the element we are integrating
    ! icut is returned (0 if homogeneous element - 1 if cut element)
    
    !------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
    !((((((((((((((((  declaration of the subroutine arguments  ))))))))))))))))))))
    !------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
        
    use definitions
    
    implicit none
    
    
    type(parameters),intent(in) :: params
    integer,intent(in) :: level
    integer,intent(in) :: levelmax
    integer,intent(in) :: icon(params%mpe)
    double precision,intent(in) :: x(nnode),y(nnode),z(nnode)
    type(material),intent(in) :: mat(0:params%nmat)
    integer,intent(in) :: materialn(0:nlsf)
    double precision,intent(in) :: u(nnode),v(nnode),w(nnode)
    double precision,intent(in) :: temp(nnode)
    double precision,intent(inout) :: pressure
    double precision,intent(in) :: strain(nnode)
    integer,intent(in) :: nnode
    double precision,intent(in) :: lsf(params%mpe,nlsf)
    integer,intent(in) :: nlsf
    double precision,intent(in) :: r0,s0,t0,rst
    integer,intent(out) :: icut
    integer,intent(in) :: ileaves
    double precision,intent(in) :: eviscosity
    
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    !------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
    !(((((((((((((((( declaration of the subroutine internal variables )))))))))))))
    !------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
    
    
    integer :: matel,matrule,i,j,k,err
    double precision :: prod,vol_lsf0,eps,pressurep
    double precision,allocatable :: vol_lsf(:)
    
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    !------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
    !------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
    
    
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    if (level.eq.0) then
    
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    endif
    
    matel=materialn(0)
    
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    do i=1,nlsf
       prod=lsf(1,i)
       do k=2,params%mpe
    
          if (prod*lsf(k,i).le.0.d0 .and. icut.eq.0) then
            icut=1
            allocate (vol_lsf(nlsf),stat=err) ; if (err.ne.0) call stop_run ('Error alloc vol_lsf in make_cut$')
    
            call get_mat_volume_pc(params,nlsf,lsf,vol_lsf,vol_lsf0)
    
            if (vol_lsf0.gt.eps .or. level.gt.0) matrule=0
            if (matrule.eq.1 .or. matrule.eq.2) then                                ! Use majority or minority rule
    
              call set_elem_props_pc(params,mat,matrule,nlsf,nnode,icon,level,     &
    
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                                    materialn,vol_lsf,vol_lsf0,x,y,z,u,v,w,temp,   &
                                    pressure,strain,r0,s0,t0,rst,eviscosity)
    
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                call set_elem_props_pc(params,mat,matrule,nlsf,nnode,icon,level,   &
                                      materialn,vol_lsf,vol_lsf0,x,y,z,u,v,w,temp, &
                                      pressure,strain,r0,s0,t0,rst,eviscosity)
    
                call divide_element_pc(params,mat,level,levelmax,nlsf,nnode,icon,  &
    
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                                      ileaves,materialn,lsf,r0,s0,t0,rst,x,y,z,u,v,&
                                      w,temp,pressure,strain,eviscosity)
    
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       enddo
    
       if (prod.lt.0.d0 .and. icut.eq.0) then
         matel=materialn(i)
    
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       endif
    enddo
    
    
    if (icut.eq.0) then
      call make_pressure(params,icon,x,y,z,mat(matel)%viscosity,mat(matel)%penalty,&
                        mat(matel)%expon,u,v,w,temp,pressurep,strain,nnode,r0,s0,  &
                        t0,rst,mat(matel)%plasticity_type,                         &
                        mat(matel)%plasticity_parameters,eviscosity)
    
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    !-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
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    subroutine get_mat_volume_pc (params,nlsf,lsf,vol_lsf,vol_lsf0)
    
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    type(parameters),intent(in) :: params
    integer,intent(in) :: nlsf
    double precision,intent(in)  :: lsf(params%mpe,nlsf)
    double precision,intent(out) :: vol_lsf(nlsf)
    double precision,intent(out) :: vol_lsf0
    
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    !------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
    !(((((((((((((((( declaration of the subroutine internal variables )))))))))))))
    !------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
    
    integer :: i
    
    !-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    !-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
    do i=1,nlsf
      call compute_positive_volume (lsf(1,i),vol_lsf(i),params%levelapprox)
    enddo
    vol_lsf=1.d0-vol_lsf
    
    if (.not.params%excl_vol) then
      do i=1,nlsf-1
        vol_lsf(i)=vol_lsf(i)-vol_lsf(i+1)
      enddo
    
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    endif
    
    
    ! this is a little fix that is necessary due to the finite precision with which
    ! we compute the positive volumes and could lead to a contributing volume being
    ! either marginally negative or greater than 1
    do i=1,nlsf
      vol_lsf(i)=max(vol_lsf(i),0.d0)
      vol_lsf(i)=min(vol_lsf(i),1.d0)
    enddo
    vol_lsf0=1.d0-sum(vol_lsf)
    
    
    end subroutine get_mat_volume_pc
    
    
    !-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
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    subroutine set_elem_props_pc (params,mat,matrule,nlsf,nnode,icon,level,        &
                                 materialn,vol_lsf,vol_lsf0,x,y,z,u,v,w,temp,      &
                                 pressure,strain,r0,s0,t0,rst,eviscosity)
    
    
    use definitions
    
    implicit none
    
    type(parameters),intent(in) :: params
    type(material),intent(in)   :: mat(0:params%nmat)
    integer,intent(in) :: matrule
    integer,intent(in) :: nlsf
    integer,intent(in) :: nnode
    integer,intent(in) :: icon(params%mpe)
    integer,intent(in) :: level
    integer,intent(in) :: materialn(0:nlsf)
    double precision,intent(in) :: vol_lsf(nlsf)
    double precision,intent(in) :: vol_lsf0
    double precision,intent(in) :: x(nnode),y(nnode),z(nnode)
    double precision,intent(in) :: u(nnode),v(nnode),w(nnode)
    double precision,intent(in) :: temp(nnode)
    double precision,intent(in) :: strain(nnode)
    double precision,intent(in) :: r0,s0,t0,rst
    double precision,intent(in) :: eviscosity
    double precision,intent(out) :: pressure
    
    !------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
    !(((((((((((((((( declaration of the subroutine internal variables )))))))))))))
    !------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
    
    integer :: matel,i
    double precision :: eps,viscosity,penal,expon,pressurep
    double precision :: plasticity_parameters(9)
    character(len=8) :: plasticity_type
    
    !-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    !-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
    eps=1.d-10
    
    select case (matrule)
    case (1)                                                                        ! Assign material properties of volumetric majority material
      matel=materialn(sum(maxloc(vol_lsf)))
      viscosity=mat(matel)%viscosity
      penal=mat(matel)%penalty
      expon=mat(matel)%expon
      plasticity_type=mat(matel)%plasticity_type
      plasticity_parameters=mat(matel)%plasticity_parameters
    
    case(2)                                                                         ! Assign material properties of volumetric minority material
      matel=materialn(sum(minloc(vol_lsf)))
      viscosity=mat(matel)%viscosity
      penal=mat(matel)%penalty
      expon=mat(matel)%expon
      plasticity_type=mat(matel)%plasticity_type
      plasticity_parameters=mat(matel)%plasticity_parameters
    
    case default
      if (matrule.ne.0) write(*,*) 'Invalid matrule value, using divFEM'
      viscosity=0.d0
      penal=0.d0
      expon=0.d0
      do i=1,nlsf
        matel=materialn(i)
        viscosity=viscosity+vol_lsf(i)*mat(matel)%viscosity
        penal=penal+vol_lsf(i)*mat(matel)%penalty
        expon=expon+vol_lsf(i)*mat(matel)%expon
      enddo
      matel=materialn(0)
      viscosity=viscosity+vol_lsf0*mat(matel)%viscosity
      penal=penal+vol_lsf0*mat(matel)%penalty
      expon=expon+vol_lsf0*mat(matel)%expon
      matel=materialn(sum(maxloc(vol_lsf)))
      plasticity_type=mat(matel)%plasticity_type
      plasticity_parameters=mat(matel)%plasticity_parameters
    
    end select
    
    if (maxval(vol_lsf).lt.eps) then
      matel=materialn(0)
      plasticity_type=mat(matel)%plasticity_type
      plasticity_parameters=mat(matel)%plasticity_parameters
    endif
    
    call make_pressure (params,icon,x,y,z,viscosity,penal,expon,u,v,w,temp,        &
                       pressurep,strain,nnode,r0,s0,t0,rst,plasticity_type,        &
                       plasticity_parameters,eviscosity)
    
    pressure=pressure+pressurep/(8.d0**level)
    
    
    end subroutine set_elem_props_pc
    
    
    !-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
    
    subroutine divide_element_pc(params,mat,level,levelmax,nlsf,nnode,icon,ileaves,&
    
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                                materialn,lsf,r0,s0,t0,rst,x,y,z,u,v,w,temp,       &
                                pressure,strain,eviscosity)
    
    
    use definitions
    
    implicit none
    
    type(parameters),intent(in) :: params
    type(material),intent(in)   :: mat(0:params%nmat)
    integer,intent(in) :: level
    integer,intent(in) :: levelmax
    integer,intent(in) :: nlsf
    integer,intent(in) :: nnode
    integer,intent(in) :: icon(params%mpe)
    integer,intent(in) :: ileaves
    integer,intent(in) :: materialn(0:nlsf)
    double precision,intent(in) :: lsf(params%mpe,nlsf)
    double precision,intent(in) :: r0,s0,t0,rst
    double precision,intent(in) :: x(nnode),y(nnode),z(nnode)
    double precision,intent(in) :: u(nnode),v(nnode),w(nnode)
    double precision,intent(in) :: temp(nnode)
    double precision,intent(in) :: strain(nnode)
    double precision,intent(in) :: eviscosity
    double precision,intent(inout) :: pressure
    
    !------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
    !(((((((((((((((( declaration of the subroutine internal variables )))))))))))))
    !------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
    
    integer :: err,i,j,k,ii,jj,kk,levelp,jcut
    double precision,allocatable :: lsfp(:,:)
    double precision :: r(params%mpe),s(params%mpe),t(params%mpe),h(params%mpe)
    double precision :: r0p,s0p,t0p,rstp
    
    !-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    !-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
    allocate (lsfp(params%mpe,nlsf),stat=err) ; if (err.ne.0) call stop_run ('Error alloc lsfp in make_cut$')
    
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    do kk=1,2
       t(1:4)=-1.d0+float(kk-1)
       t(5:8)=float(kk-1)
       do jj=1,2
          s(1:2)=-1.d0+float(jj-1)
          s(3:4)=float(jj-1)
          s(5:6)=-1.d0+float(jj-1)
          s(7:8)=float(jj-1)
          do ii=1,2
             r(1)=-1.d0+float(ii-1)
             r(2)=float(ii-1)
             r(3)=-1.d0+float(ii-1)
             r(4)=float(ii-1)
             r(5)=-1.d0+float(ii-1)
             r(6)=float(ii-1)
             r(7)=-1.d0+float(ii-1)
             r(8)=float(ii-1)
             do k=1,8
                h(1)=(1.d0-r(k))*(1.d0-s(k))*(1.d0-t(k))/8.d0
                h(2)=(1.d0+r(k))*(1.d0-s(k))*(1.d0-t(k))/8.d0
                h(3)=(1.d0-r(k))*(1.d0+s(k))*(1.d0-t(k))/8.d0
                h(4)=(1.d0+r(k))*(1.d0+s(k))*(1.d0-t(k))/8.d0
                h(5)=(1.d0-r(k))*(1.d0-s(k))*(1.d0+t(k))/8.d0
                h(6)=(1.d0+r(k))*(1.d0-s(k))*(1.d0+t(k))/8.d0
                h(7)=(1.d0-r(k))*(1.d0+s(k))*(1.d0+t(k))/8.d0
                h(8)=(1.d0+r(k))*(1.d0+s(k))*(1.d0+t(k))/8.d0
                lsfp(k,:)=0.d0
                do i=1,nlsf
                   do j=1,8
                      lsfp(k,i)=lsfp(k,i)+h(j)*lsf(j,i)
                   enddo
                enddo
             enddo
             r0p=r0+rst*(r(1)+1.d0)/2.d0
             s0p=s0+rst*(s(1)+1.d0)/2.d0
             t0p=t0+rst*(t(1)+1.d0)/2.d0
             rstp=rst/2.d0
             levelp=level+1
    
             call pressure_cut (params,levelp,levelmax,icon,x,y,z,mat,materialn,u, &
                               v,w,temp,pressure,strain,nnode,lsfp,nlsf,r0p,s0p,   &
                               t0p,rstp,jcut,ileaves,eviscosity)
    
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          enddo
       enddo
    enddo
    
    deallocate (lsfp)
    
    
    end subroutine divide_element_pc
    
    
    !-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    !-------------------------------------------------------------------------------